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READING QUESTIONS ON OVERVIEW/TOPICS, MAIN IDEAS
Focus: Identifying correct answers and recognizing distractors in main idea/main topic/main purpose questions
Directions: Read the passages. Then, mark each answer choice according to the following system:
S Too specific
G Too general
X Incorrect
I Irrelevant
C Correct
The first question is finished for you as an example.
Passage 1
There are two main types of cell division. Most cells are produced by a process called mitosis. In mitosis, a cell divides and forms two identical daughter cells, each with an identical number of chromosomes. Most one-celled creatures reproduce by this method, as do most of the cells in multicelled plants and animals. Sex cells, however, are formed in a special type of cell division called meiosis. This process reduces the number of chromosomes in a sex cell to half the number found in other kinds of cells. Then, when sex cells unite, they produce a single cell with the original number of chromosomes.
1. What is the main topic of this passage?
S (A) The method by which one-celled organisms reproduce
C (B) A comparison between mitosis and meiosis
X (C) Meiosis, the process by which identical cells are produced
Passage 2
The last gold rush belongs as much to Canadian history as it does to Americans. The discovery of gold along the Klondike River, which flows from Canada’s Yukon Territory into Alaska, drew some 30,000 fortune hunters to the north. The Yukon became a territory, and its capital at the time, Dawson, would not have existed without the gold rush. The gold strike furnished material for a dozen of Jack London’s novels; it inspired Robert Service to write “The Shooting of Dan McGrew” and other poems; and it provided the background for the wonderful Charlie Chaplin movie, The Gold Rush. It also marked the beginnings of modern Alaska.
2. This author’s main purpose in writing is to
(A) discuss the significance of mining in Canada and the United States.
(B) show the influence of the Klondike gold strike on the creative arts.
(C) point out the significance of the Klondike gold strike.
Passage 3
Until the nineteenth century, when steamships and transcontinental trains made long-distance travel possible for large numbers of people, only a few adventurers, mainly sailors and traders, ever traveled out of their own countries. “Abroad” was a truly foreign place about which the vast majority of people knew very little indeed. Early mapmakers, therefore, had little fear of being accused of mistakes, even though they were often wildly inaccurate. When they compiled maps, imagination was as important as geographic reality. Nowhere is this more evident than in old maps illustrated with mythical creatures and strange humans.
3. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
__ (A) Despite their unusual illustrations, maps made before the nineteenth century were remarkably accurate.
__ (B) Old maps often included pictures of imaginary animals.
___ (C) Mapmakers could draw imaginative maps before the nineteenth century because so few people had traveled.
Passage 4
Circumstantial evidence is evidence not drawn from the direct observation of a fact. If, for example, there is evidence that a piece of rock embedded in a wrapped chocolate bar is the same type of rock found in the vicinity of the candy factory, and that rock of this type is found in few other places, then there is circumstantial evidence that the stone found its way into the candy during manufacture and suggests that the candy maker was negligent. Despite a popular notion to look down on the quality of circumstantial evidence, it is of great usefulness if there is enough of it and if it is properly interpreted. Each circumstance, taken singly, may mean little, but a whole chain of circumstances can be as conclusive as direct evidence.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
(A) A manufacturer’s negligence can be shown by direct evidence only.
(B) Enough circumstantial evidence is as persuasive as direct evidence.
(C) Circumstantial evidence can be very useful in science.
Passage 5
The Northwest Ordinance was passed by Congress in 1787. It set up the government structure of the region north of the Ohio River and west of Pennsylvania, then called the Northwest Territory. It set the conditions under which parts of the Territory could become states having equality with the older states. But the ordinance was more than just a plan for government. The law also guaranteed freedom of religion and trial by jury in the Territory. It organized the Territory into townships of 36 square miles and ordered a school to be built for each township. It also abolished slavery in the Territory. The terms were so attractive that thousands of pioneers poured into the Territory. Eventually, the Territory became the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin.
5. What is the main topic of this passage?
____ (A) The structure of government
(B) The provisions of an important law
(C) The establishment of schools in the Northwest Territory
Passage 6
The story of the motel business from 1920 to the start of World War II in 1941 is one of uninterrupted growth. Motels (the term comes from a combination of the words motor and hotels) spread from the West and the Midwest all the way to Maine and Florida. They clustered along transcontinental highways, such as U.S. Routes 40 and 66, and along the north-south routes running up and down both the East and West Coasts. There were 16,000 motels by 1930 and 24,000 by 1940. The motel industry was one of the few industries that was not hurt by the Depression of the 1930s. Their cheap rates attracted travelers who had very little money.
6. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How the Depression hurt U.S. motels
(B) The origin of the word motels
(C) Two decades of growth for the motel industry
Passage 7
An old but still useful proverb states, “Beware of oak, it draws the stroke.” This saying is handy during thunderstorm season. In general, trees with deep roots that tap into groundwater attract more lightning than do trees with shallow, drier roots. Oaks are around 50 times more likely to be struck than beeches. Spruces are nearly as safe as beeches. Pines are not as safe as these two but are still much safer than oaks.
7. What is the author’s main point?
(A) Old proverbs often contain important truths.
(B) Trees with shallow roots are more likely to avoid lightning than those with deep roots.
(C) The deeper a tree’s roots, the safer it is during a thunderstorm.
Passage 8
Alternative history is in general classified as a type of science fiction, but it also bears some relation to historical fiction. This type of writing describes an imaginary world that is identical to ours up to a certain point in history, but at that point, the two worlds diverge; some important historical event takes place in one world but not in the other, and they go in different directions. Alternative histories might describe worlds in which the Roman Empire had never fallen, in which the Spanish Armada had been victorious, or in which the South had won the Civil War.
Or, they may suppose that some technology had been introduced earlier in the world’s history than actually happened. For example: What if computers had been invented in Victorian times? Many readers find these stories interesting because of the way they stimulate the imagination and get them thinking about the phenomenon of cause and effect in history.
8. What is the main idea of this passage?
(A) Alternative histories describe orlds in which history has taken another course.
(B) Alternative histories are a type of historical novel.
___________ (C) Science fiction writers have accurately predicted certain actual scientific developments.
Help me!!! Mik đang cần gấp!!! gần 10h là nộp òi :<<<<<
thank you <3
Focus: Identifying correct answers and recognizing distractors in main idea/main topic/main purpose questions
Directions: Read the passages. Then, mark each answer choice according to the following system:
S Too specific
G Too general
X Incorrect
I Irrelevant
C Correct
The first question is finished for you as an example.
Passage 1
There are two main types of cell division. Most cells are produced by a process called mitosis. In mitosis, a cell divides and forms two identical daughter cells, each with an identical number of chromosomes. Most one-celled creatures reproduce by this method, as do most of the cells in multicelled plants and animals. Sex cells, however, are formed in a special type of cell division called meiosis. This process reduces the number of chromosomes in a sex cell to half the number found in other kinds of cells. Then, when sex cells unite, they produce a single cell with the original number of chromosomes.
1. What is the main topic of this passage?
S (A) The method by which one-celled organisms reproduce
C (B) A comparison between mitosis and meiosis
X (C) Meiosis, the process by which identical cells are produced
Passage 2
The last gold rush belongs as much to Canadian history as it does to Americans. The discovery of gold along the Klondike River, which flows from Canada’s Yukon Territory into Alaska, drew some 30,000 fortune hunters to the north. The Yukon became a territory, and its capital at the time, Dawson, would not have existed without the gold rush. The gold strike furnished material for a dozen of Jack London’s novels; it inspired Robert Service to write “The Shooting of Dan McGrew” and other poems; and it provided the background for the wonderful Charlie Chaplin movie, The Gold Rush. It also marked the beginnings of modern Alaska.
2. This author’s main purpose in writing is to
(A) discuss the significance of mining in Canada and the United States.
(B) show the influence of the Klondike gold strike on the creative arts.
(C) point out the significance of the Klondike gold strike.
Passage 3
Until the nineteenth century, when steamships and transcontinental trains made long-distance travel possible for large numbers of people, only a few adventurers, mainly sailors and traders, ever traveled out of their own countries. “Abroad” was a truly foreign place about which the vast majority of people knew very little indeed. Early mapmakers, therefore, had little fear of being accused of mistakes, even though they were often wildly inaccurate. When they compiled maps, imagination was as important as geographic reality. Nowhere is this more evident than in old maps illustrated with mythical creatures and strange humans.
3. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
__ (A) Despite their unusual illustrations, maps made before the nineteenth century were remarkably accurate.
__ (B) Old maps often included pictures of imaginary animals.
___ (C) Mapmakers could draw imaginative maps before the nineteenth century because so few people had traveled.
Passage 4
Circumstantial evidence is evidence not drawn from the direct observation of a fact. If, for example, there is evidence that a piece of rock embedded in a wrapped chocolate bar is the same type of rock found in the vicinity of the candy factory, and that rock of this type is found in few other places, then there is circumstantial evidence that the stone found its way into the candy during manufacture and suggests that the candy maker was negligent. Despite a popular notion to look down on the quality of circumstantial evidence, it is of great usefulness if there is enough of it and if it is properly interpreted. Each circumstance, taken singly, may mean little, but a whole chain of circumstances can be as conclusive as direct evidence.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
(A) A manufacturer’s negligence can be shown by direct evidence only.
(B) Enough circumstantial evidence is as persuasive as direct evidence.
(C) Circumstantial evidence can be very useful in science.
Passage 5
The Northwest Ordinance was passed by Congress in 1787. It set up the government structure of the region north of the Ohio River and west of Pennsylvania, then called the Northwest Territory. It set the conditions under which parts of the Territory could become states having equality with the older states. But the ordinance was more than just a plan for government. The law also guaranteed freedom of religion and trial by jury in the Territory. It organized the Territory into townships of 36 square miles and ordered a school to be built for each township. It also abolished slavery in the Territory. The terms were so attractive that thousands of pioneers poured into the Territory. Eventually, the Territory became the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin.
5. What is the main topic of this passage?
____ (A) The structure of government
(B) The provisions of an important law
(C) The establishment of schools in the Northwest Territory
Passage 6
The story of the motel business from 1920 to the start of World War II in 1941 is one of uninterrupted growth. Motels (the term comes from a combination of the words motor and hotels) spread from the West and the Midwest all the way to Maine and Florida. They clustered along transcontinental highways, such as U.S. Routes 40 and 66, and along the north-south routes running up and down both the East and West Coasts. There were 16,000 motels by 1930 and 24,000 by 1940. The motel industry was one of the few industries that was not hurt by the Depression of the 1930s. Their cheap rates attracted travelers who had very little money.
6. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How the Depression hurt U.S. motels
(B) The origin of the word motels
(C) Two decades of growth for the motel industry
Passage 7
An old but still useful proverb states, “Beware of oak, it draws the stroke.” This saying is handy during thunderstorm season. In general, trees with deep roots that tap into groundwater attract more lightning than do trees with shallow, drier roots. Oaks are around 50 times more likely to be struck than beeches. Spruces are nearly as safe as beeches. Pines are not as safe as these two but are still much safer than oaks.
7. What is the author’s main point?
(A) Old proverbs often contain important truths.
(B) Trees with shallow roots are more likely to avoid lightning than those with deep roots.
(C) The deeper a tree’s roots, the safer it is during a thunderstorm.
Passage 8
Alternative history is in general classified as a type of science fiction, but it also bears some relation to historical fiction. This type of writing describes an imaginary world that is identical to ours up to a certain point in history, but at that point, the two worlds diverge; some important historical event takes place in one world but not in the other, and they go in different directions. Alternative histories might describe worlds in which the Roman Empire had never fallen, in which the Spanish Armada had been victorious, or in which the South had won the Civil War.
Or, they may suppose that some technology had been introduced earlier in the world’s history than actually happened. For example: What if computers had been invented in Victorian times? Many readers find these stories interesting because of the way they stimulate the imagination and get them thinking about the phenomenon of cause and effect in history.
8. What is the main idea of this passage?
(A) Alternative histories describe orlds in which history has taken another course.
(B) Alternative histories are a type of historical novel.
___________ (C) Science fiction writers have accurately predicted certain actual scientific developments.
Help me!!! Mik đang cần gấp!!! gần 10h là nộp òi :<<<<<
thank you <3
