$\log_{30}{8} = \log_{30}{(2^3)} = 3 \log_{30}{2}$
Ta lại có:
$\log_{30} 30=\log_{30}(2.3.5) = \log_{30}2+ \log_{30}3+ \log_{30}5 =1$ (vì $\log_{30}30=1$)
$\Rightarrow 3= 3 \log_{30}2+ 3 \log_{30}3+ 3 \log_{30}5 \\
\Rightarrow 3 \log_{30}2= 3 - 3 \log_{30}3 - 3 \log_{30}5 =3 -3b- 3a $
Vậy $\log_{30}8 = 3 -3b- 3a$