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Read and circle the best option (A, B, C or D) for each space to complete the passage. Write your answers in
the box below.
The expression on your face can actually dramatically alter your feelings and perceptions, and it has been proved that (1) _________ Smiling or frowning can create corresponding emotional responses. The idea was first (2) __________ by a French physiologist, Israel Waynbaum, in 1906. He believed that different facial (3) ___________ affected the flow of blood to the brain, and that this could create positive or negative feelings. A happy smile or irrepressible laughter increased the blood flow and contributed to joyful feelings. But sad, angry expressions decreased the flow of oxygen-carrying blood, and created a vicious (4) _________
of gloom and depression by effectively (5) ___________ the brain of essential fuel.
Psychologist Robert Zajonc rediscovered this early research, and (6) ________ that the temperature of the brain could affect the production and synthesis of neurotransmitters which definitely influence our moods and energy levels. He argues that an impaired blood flow could not only deprive the brain of oxygen, but create further chemical imbalance by inhibiting these vital hormonal messages. Zajonc goes on to propose that our brains remember that
smiling is associated with being happy, and that by deliberately smiling through your tears you can (7) _________ your brain to release uplifting neurotransmitters - replacing a depressed condition with a happier one. People suffering from psychosomatic illness depression and anxiety states could (8) ________ from simply exercising their zygomatic (9) ________ which pull the corners of the mouth (10) ________ to form a smile, several times an hour.
1. A. desperately B. determinedly C. deliberately D. decidedly
2. A. put off B. put down C. put by D. put forward
3. A. aspects B. looks C. expressions D. appearances
4. A. cycle B. spiral C. circle D. vortex
5. A. cutting B. starving C. removing D. eliminating
6. A. advises B. wants C. demands D. suggests
7. A. make B. persuade C. give D. decide
8. A. recover B. improve C. benefit D. progress
9. A. muscles B. nerves C. veins D. bones
10. A. to and from B. up and back C. now and then D. up and down
the box below.
The expression on your face can actually dramatically alter your feelings and perceptions, and it has been proved that (1) _________ Smiling or frowning can create corresponding emotional responses. The idea was first (2) __________ by a French physiologist, Israel Waynbaum, in 1906. He believed that different facial (3) ___________ affected the flow of blood to the brain, and that this could create positive or negative feelings. A happy smile or irrepressible laughter increased the blood flow and contributed to joyful feelings. But sad, angry expressions decreased the flow of oxygen-carrying blood, and created a vicious (4) _________
of gloom and depression by effectively (5) ___________ the brain of essential fuel.
Psychologist Robert Zajonc rediscovered this early research, and (6) ________ that the temperature of the brain could affect the production and synthesis of neurotransmitters which definitely influence our moods and energy levels. He argues that an impaired blood flow could not only deprive the brain of oxygen, but create further chemical imbalance by inhibiting these vital hormonal messages. Zajonc goes on to propose that our brains remember that
smiling is associated with being happy, and that by deliberately smiling through your tears you can (7) _________ your brain to release uplifting neurotransmitters - replacing a depressed condition with a happier one. People suffering from psychosomatic illness depression and anxiety states could (8) ________ from simply exercising their zygomatic (9) ________ which pull the corners of the mouth (10) ________ to form a smile, several times an hour.
1. A. desperately B. determinedly C. deliberately D. decidedly
2. A. put off B. put down C. put by D. put forward
3. A. aspects B. looks C. expressions D. appearances
4. A. cycle B. spiral C. circle D. vortex
5. A. cutting B. starving C. removing D. eliminating
6. A. advises B. wants C. demands D. suggests
7. A. make B. persuade C. give D. decide
8. A. recover B. improve C. benefit D. progress
9. A. muscles B. nerves C. veins D. bones
10. A. to and from B. up and back C. now and then D. up and down
