Bài 4: PASSIVE VOICE

T

tramngan

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Bài 4: PASSIVE VOICE”

A. Simple Present

Active: V(V/V_s/V_es)
Passive: am/is/are + P.P

My mother gives me money today
- I am given money today by my mother

B. Present Continue

Active: am/is/are + V_ing
Passive: am/is/are + BEING + P.P

The teacher is asking many question
- Many question are being asked by the teacher

C. Present Perfect

Active: HAVE/HAS + P.P
Passive: HAVE/HAS + BEEN + P.P

They have used this dictionary for 10 years
- This dictionary has been used for 10 years

D. Simple Past

Active: V_2/V_ed
Passive: WAS/WERE + P.P

We found the book in his bag
- The book was found in his bag

E. Past Continuos

Active: WAS/WERE + V_ing
Passive: WAS/WERE + BEING + P.P

My uncle was cutting grass when it began to rain
- Grass was being cutting by my uncle when it began to rain

F. Past Perfect

Active: HAD + P.P
Passive: HAD + BEEN + P.P

They had bought the novel before I arrived
- The novel had been bought before I arrived

G. MODAL VERB
Active1: WILL/CAN/MAY/MUST + V(nguyên mẫu)
Passive1: WILL/CAN/MAY/MUST + BE + P.P
Active2: HAS/HAVE/OUGHT + TO V
Passive2: HAS/HAVE/OUGHT + TO BE + P.P

I will buy a new computer tomorrow
- A new computer will be bought by me tomorrow
I have to buy a new computer
- A new computer has to be bought by me
 
A

amaranth

Một số dạng PASSIVE đặc biệt

1. Câu chứa mệnh đề
Mary guessed that a novelist wrote the story; however, it turned out that the author was just an amateur.
=>Mary guessed that the story was written by a novelist;…
=>It was guessed (by Mary) that a novelist wrote the story;…
=>It was guessed (by Mary) that the story was written by a novelist;…

2. Câu chứa nội động từ
The President fell sick last Wednesday, but the news was kept confidential until yesterday.
=>It is said (or claimed) that The President fell sick last Wednesday,…
Cái này bản thân mình thấy nó hơi gượng ép, lẽ ra câu đã cho không cần phải chuyển ra bị động làm gì nữa; nhưng trong đề thi tốt nghiệp / đại học cách đây vài năm đã có cho một câu đại loại như thế này, và đa số thí sinh cắn bút trước cái đáp án khá bất ngờ.

3. It's your duty to …
It's your duty to clean the house!
=> You're expected to clean the house!
Cái này mình cũng thấy nó ngồ ngộ, không hẳn là Passive cho lắm, nhưng cô mình dạy vậy, mình cũng đem lên cho mọi người cùng tham khảo, cũng xem như là để biết thêm một cách diễn đạt tương đương.

4. Câu chứa những động từ đặc biệt (sau khi xem bài Ôn tập 5 chợt nghĩ ra mình quải quay lại bổ sung bài này)
a) HAVE
I had my younger sister clean her own room yesterday.
=> I had my younger sister's room cleaned yesterday.
b) GET
I got my younger sister to clean her own room yesterday.
=> I got my younger sister's room cleaned yesterday.
c) MAKE
I made my younger sister clean her own room yesterday.
=> My younger sister was made to clean her own room yesterday.
d) SEE / HEAR
I saw my younger sister cleaning her own room yesterday.
=> My younger sister was seen cleaning her own room yesterday.
 
I

ilovevic

tui bít thêm một số dạg nữa nè
Với cấu trúc V_ing và nhữg động từ như:advise. insist, suggest, recommend, propose thì đổi sag bị động như sau:
Cđ: S + V + V_ing
Bđ: S + V + that...should be VII
Ex: he recommend using that opinion
đổi thành
he recommend that that opinion should be used
với nhữg đt advise, beg, order, urge + tân ngữ tiếp diễn + to_V + tân ngữ trực tiếp thì có thể đổi sag bđ theo 2 cách
Ex: he urged the council to reduce the rates
đổi thành
the council was urged to reduce the rates
hoặc
he urged that the rates should be reduced
 
V

vuonglinhbee

Minh nghi It 's your duty thi se~ sang la` You re supposed chu ban nhi??
---->đồng ý voi thaimeo89
 
L

levisteen

mình cũng biết 1 số dạng bị động đặc biệt, muốn post lên cho mấy bạn tham khảo:
1. People say he is clever
=> He is said to be clever

People said he was clever
=> He was said to be clever

2. People say he was clever
=> He is said to have been clever

3. People say he will be clever
=> It's said that he will be clever

4. Like: không cấu tạo thể bị động
He doesn't like people cheating him
=> He doesn't like being cheated

He likes people to call him "Sir"
=> He likes to be called "Sir"

5. Let:
They let me go
=> I was allowed to go

He let people treat him
=> He let himself be treated

Don't let people treat you
=> Don't let yourself be treated

6. It's impossible to do that : không thể làm được điều này
=> This can't be done

7. I'm having someone teach my son
=> I'm having my son tought

8. be gone : biến mất
My bike is gone

9. People say there is a lake in the forest
=> There is said to be a lake in the forest

10. Get + P2: Mình phân thành từng nhóm:
get shaved : cạo râu
get washed : tắm rửa
get dressed : mặc quần áo

get engaged: đính hôn
get married : tổ chức đám cưới
get divorced : li dị

get injured : bị thương do tai nạn
get wounded : bị thương do vũ khí
get killed : bị chết

get arrested : mình quên mất nghĩa rồi :"> :p
get caught : bị bắt
get lost : bị lạc đường
get drunk : bị say xỉn
get confused : bối rối

Các bạn xem xong cho mình nhận xét nhá :X
 
C

chipvoi0912

hình như trong dạng đặc biệt các bạn thiếu câu
be about to do s.th
Eg: He is about to repaint the gate
-> The gate is about to be repainted.
 
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