Ngoại ngữ Speaking English naturally

[Minh Nhí]

[TẶNG BẠN] TRỌN BỘ Bí kíp học tốt 08 môn
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GREETING​

*There are different ways to greet people:

Greeting means welcoming someone with particular words or a particular action.
When meeting people formally for the first time, we greet by shaking hands and saying "How do you do?" or "Pleased to meet you."
"How do you do?" isn't really a question, it just means "Hello".
When young people meet informally they sometimes greet and say "Give me five!" and slap their hands together (high five).
Generally we do not greet by shaking hands with people we know well. We greet by just saying 'hi' or 'hello'
Here are some expressions you can use to greet people.
1.Greeting

-Hi, hello. / Good morning, good afternoon, good evening. / How are you? / How are you doing? / How do you do?
2.Responding to greeting

-Hi, hello. / Good morning/Good afternoon/Good evening.
-I'm fine thank you (thanks)/Okey! Thank you (thanks)/Can't complain/Not bad.
-How about you?/And you? / How do you do?
*Things to remember about greeting:

When you greet someone and say:
"How do you do?" : This isn't really a question, it just means "Hello".

 

[bachduong2k5]

"Give me five!

nghĩa là đập tay nào hay là j ạ ad

 

[ng.htrang2004]

nghĩa là đập tay nào hay là j ạ ad

Give me five: something you say when you want someone to open a hand so you can hit it with your open hand in greeting or celebration

 

[Minh Nhí]

SAYING GOODBYE​

*Parting phrases:There are different expressions or phrases to say goodbye. These parting phrases depend on situations and the people involved, their social status and personal relationship.

1.Leaving and saying goodbye

-All right, everyone, it's time to head off. / Anyway, guys I'm going to make a move. / Ok, everyone, it's time to leave you.
-See you later / tomorrow / soon. / Talk to you later!
2.If you want to say goodbye in a hurry

-I'm so sorry, I've got to rush off / run / hurry!
-I'm afraid I'm going to have to rush off / run / hurry!
3.Saying goodbye politely after meeting someone

-Nice to see you. / It's been lovely to see you. / It was great to see you. / Good to see you. / Have a lovely / nice evening.
-Have a good day.
4.Saying goodbye to your hosts

-Thanks very much for dinner/ lunch - it was lovely! / Thank you very much for having me.
5.Other ways to say goodbye

-Take care / Bye! / Bye Bye! / Later man / bro! / Have a good one! / It's time to be going! / So Long!
6.Slang Goodbyes

-Catch you later / Peace! / Peace out / I'm out! / Smell you later
7.Final goodbye

-Farewell (when you intend never to see your interlocutor again)

 

[Minh Nhí]

INTRODUCING YOURSELF AND OTHER PEOPLE​

*Introducing yourself and others : There is a range of ways to introduce yourself and people.
1.Introducing yourself: Here are expressions to introduce yourself:
-My name is ... / I'm .... / Nice to meet you; I'm ... / Pleased to meet you; I'm ... / Let me introduce myself; I'm ...
-I'd like to introduce myself; I'm ...
2.Introducing others: Here are expressions to introduce others:
-Jack, please meet Nicolas. / Jack, have you met Nicolas? / I'd like you to meet Liza. / I'd like to introduce you to Betty.
-Leila, this is Barbara. Barbara this is Leila.
3.Useful responses when introducing yourself or other people:
-Nice to meet you. / Pleased to meet you. / Happy to meet you. / How do you do?
*Dialogue:
Alex is talking to the new manager and his assistant. Notice how they introduce themselves:

Alex:	Hi! My name is Alex Litterman, the new manager.
William:	Hi! I'm William O'Brian. Nice to meet you, Mr Alex Litterman.
John:	William, please meet Mr Steve Lynch, my assistant
Jack:	How do you do?
Nicolas:	How do you do?

[TBODY] [/TBODY]

*Things to remember:
-When introducing yourself or other people in a formal situation use full names. ("I'm Alex Litterman.")
-"How do you do?" isn't really a question, it just means "Hello"

 

[Minh Nhí]

TALKING ABOUT ABILITY​

*How to express ability:To express that someone has the power or skill to do something, can and be able are used.
-I can't help you.I am busy./ I'm unable to help you.
-When I was young I was able to earn my living pretty well; I could work hard. Now I can't. I'm too old.
-I can stand on my head for five minutes. / Can you speak Arabic? / Yes, I can.
*Expressing ability
1.In the present: Express ability in the present as follows:
-I can speak good English. / I can't stand on my head.
2.In the past: Express ability in the past as follows
-I was unable to visit him. / I couldn't eat at all when I was ill.
3.In the future: Express ability in the future as follows
-I will be able to buy a house when I get a good job. / The teacher can assist you after class if you have any questions.
*Things to remember:
-Can is always followed by an infinitive without "to."
+I can ride my bike and I can drive a car, but I can't drive a lorry.
-Can in the past is was able or could
+When I was young I was able to earn my living pretty well. Now I can't; I'm too old.
+I couldn't hear what he was saying.
-Can in the future is will be able.
+When I finish my studies, I will be able to find a job.

 

[Minh Nhí]

ASKING FOR AND GIVING PERMISSION​

*Asking for and giving permission: When you ask for permission to use something that belongs to someone else you have to do your best to be polite. It is desirable to use the word "please."
1.Asking for Permission:
-Can I go out, please? / May I open the window, please? / Please, can I have a look at your photo album?
-Please, may I taste that hot spicy couscous dish? / Do you mind if I smoke? / Would you mind if I asked you something?
-Is it okay if I sit here? / Would it be all right if I borrowed your mobile Phone?
2.Giving Permission:
-Yes, please do. / Sure, go ahead. / Sure. / No problem. / Please feel free.
3.Refusing to give permission:
-No, please don’t. / I’m sorry, but that’s not possible. / I'm afraid, but you can't.
*Dialogue: Liza, eight years old, is asking her mother for permission to use the computer.

Liza:	Please mum, can I use the computer?
Her mother:	No, dear you can't. It's time to go to bed.
Liza:	May I read a story before I sleep?
Her mother:	Sure! But try to sleep early.
Liza:	Thanks a lot mummy.

[TBODY] [/TBODY]

 

[Minh Nhí]

TALKING ABOUT FAVORITE THINGS​

*Talking about favorite things: When you talk about your favorite things you talk about the best liked or most enjoyed things.
-"What's your favorite color?" "Green."
*Study the dialogue: Leila is talking to her new friend Cathy:

Leila:	What kind of films do you like best?
Cathy:	Science fiction. And you?
Leila:	Comedy. And who's your favorite actor?
Cathy:	Tom Cruise.
Leila:	I like Robert de Nero most.

[TBODY] [/TBODY]

1.Asking about favorite things:
-What's your favorite sport?/ What sport do you like best? / What sport do you like most? / What kind of sport do you like best?
-Who's your favorite football player?
2.Responding:
-My favorite sport is football. / I like football best. / I like football most. / My favorite football player is Ronaldo.
*Things to remember:
-"Favourite" is British spelling. / "Favorite" is American spelling.

 

[Minh Nhí]

MAKING OFFERS​

*How to make offers in English?: It is common that English speakers make offers in conversations in order to be polite and helpful. *When they do so they use these expressions:
-Can I… ? / Shall I… ? / Would you like … ? / How about ...?
*English learner must be able to make offers as well as accept or reject them. The following are useful expressions to do so.
*Making offers:

Can	I	help you ?
Shall	get you some juice ?
Would you like	a glass of water ?
How about	some pizza ?

[TBODY] [/TBODY]

*Examples:
-"Can I help you?" / "Shall I open the window for you?" / "Would you like another cup of coffee?"
-"Would you like me to clean the board?" / "How about a juice? "
*Remember:
-Shall, can and will are followed by the verb without to.
+"Can I help you?" / "Shall I bring you the mobile phone?
-Shall is more formal than can.
-Would you like… is followed either by a noun, or by the verb with to.
+"Would you like some tea ?" / "Would you like to drink some coffee?
*Responding to offers:

Accepting.	Declining
Yes please. I'd like to. That would be very kind of you. Yes please, that would be lovely. Yes please, I'd love to. If you wouldn't mind. If you could. Thank you, that would be great	It's OK, I can do it myself. Don't worry, I'll do it. No, thanks No, thank you

[TBODY] [/TBODY]

*Examples:
-"Can I help you?"® "No thanks, I'm just having a look." (With a shop assistant.)
-"Can I help you?" / "Do you know where the post office is."/ "Shall I help you with your maths problem?"
®"Yes, please. That would be very nice of you."
-"Would you like a cup of tea?"® "No thanks." Or, "No thank you."
-"Would you like another piece of cake?"®"Yes please, that would be nice ."/ "Yes please, I'd love one."
-"Would you like me to do the the ironing for you?"®"If you wouldn't mind." / "If you could."
-"I'll do the washing, if you like."
®"It's OK, I can do it." / "Don't worry, I'll do it."/ "Thank you, that would be great