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Read the passage and do the task that follows.
An aggressive publicist of the Scientific Revolution and one of its greatest contributors was a Florentine, Galileo Galilei. Both Copernicus and Kepler had worked with the naked eye. Galileo, informed of a new optical instrument developed in the Netherlands, the telescope, constructed one for himself and turned it toward the heavens. Through the lens of the fantastic instrument he was the first human being to see that Jupiter had moons like the earth's, and that the earth's own moon was made of material similar to that found on earth. The momentous conclusion was that heavenly bodies were not made of more perfect material. Rather, they resembled the earth and were governed by the same laws.
Galileo's conclusions were equally revolutionary when he turned to consider the behavior of bodies in motion. Traditional theories of dynamics, geared to the assumption that the natural state of a body was at rest, attempted to explain what caused motion to occur. For Galileo, there was no "natural" motion of the body; rather, if a body was in motion, it would continue in a straight line at the same speed forever unless deflected, quickened, or retarded by another force - illustrating the principle of inertia. Thus what concerned Galileo was not why things move but why changes in motion occur and how one describes these changes mathematically.
1.In this passage, the word "dynamics" is closest in meaning to ________.
A. theories
B. motion
C. objects
D. planets
2.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Galileo built on the work of Copernicus and Kepler.
B. Galileo built his own telescope.
C. Galileo made revolutionary discoveries.
D. Galileo discovered that Jupiter had moons.
3.The passage states that traditional theories attempted to explain ________.
A. what caused motion to occur
B. why planets had moons ( mặt trăng )
C. why the earth had a moon ( mặt trăng)
D. what planets were made of
4.According to the passage, Galileo discovered that the earth's moon was ________.
A. made of the same material as the moon of Jupiter.
B. made of the same material as the earth.
C. travelling faster than the earth.
D. travelling more slowly than the moon of the Jupiter.
5.What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To entertain the readers with amusing anecdotes.
B. To persuade the readers that Galieo was an important Renaissance scientist.
C. To explain important theories of Renaissance science.
D. To inform the readers about Galileo's discoveries.
An aggressive publicist of the Scientific Revolution and one of its greatest contributors was a Florentine, Galileo Galilei. Both Copernicus and Kepler had worked with the naked eye. Galileo, informed of a new optical instrument developed in the Netherlands, the telescope, constructed one for himself and turned it toward the heavens. Through the lens of the fantastic instrument he was the first human being to see that Jupiter had moons like the earth's, and that the earth's own moon was made of material similar to that found on earth. The momentous conclusion was that heavenly bodies were not made of more perfect material. Rather, they resembled the earth and were governed by the same laws.
Galileo's conclusions were equally revolutionary when he turned to consider the behavior of bodies in motion. Traditional theories of dynamics, geared to the assumption that the natural state of a body was at rest, attempted to explain what caused motion to occur. For Galileo, there was no "natural" motion of the body; rather, if a body was in motion, it would continue in a straight line at the same speed forever unless deflected, quickened, or retarded by another force - illustrating the principle of inertia. Thus what concerned Galileo was not why things move but why changes in motion occur and how one describes these changes mathematically.
1.In this passage, the word "dynamics" is closest in meaning to ________.
A. theories
B. motion
C. objects
D. planets
2.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Galileo built on the work of Copernicus and Kepler.
B. Galileo built his own telescope.
C. Galileo made revolutionary discoveries.
D. Galileo discovered that Jupiter had moons.
3.The passage states that traditional theories attempted to explain ________.
A. what caused motion to occur
B. why planets had moons ( mặt trăng )
C. why the earth had a moon ( mặt trăng)
D. what planets were made of
4.According to the passage, Galileo discovered that the earth's moon was ________.
A. made of the same material as the moon of Jupiter.
B. made of the same material as the earth.
C. travelling faster than the earth.
D. travelling more slowly than the moon of the Jupiter.
5.What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To entertain the readers with amusing anecdotes.
B. To persuade the readers that Galieo was an important Renaissance scientist.
C. To explain important theories of Renaissance science.
D. To inform the readers about Galileo's discoveries.
