a) $(x+\frac{1}{x})^{2} = 3^{2} = 9$
$ x^{2} + 2.x.\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x^{2}} = x^{2} + 2 + \frac{1}{x^{2}} = 9$
$x^{2} + \frac{1}{x^{2}} = 7$
d) $x^{3} + \frac{1}{x^{3}}$
= $(x + \frac{1}{x}).(x^{2} + \frac{1}{x^{2}} - 1) = 3.(7-1) = 18$
=> $(x^{2} + \frac{1}{x^{2}}).(x^{3} + \frac{1}{x^{3}}) = x^{5} + \frac{1}{x^{5}} + x + \frac{1}{x} = 7.18= 126$
=> $x^{5} + \frac{1}{x^{5}} = 126 - 3 =123$