$a)ab^2.\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{a^2b^4}}=ab^2.\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{(ab^2)^2}}=\dfrac{ab^2\sqrt{3}}{|ab^2|}=\dfrac{ab^2\sqrt{3}}{b^2|a|}=\dfrac{ab^2\sqrt{3}}{-ab^2}=-\sqrt{3}
\\b)\sqrt{\dfrac{27(a-3)^2}{48}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{9(a-3)^2}{16}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{9(a-3)^2}}{\sqrt{16}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{9}.\sqrt{(x-3)^2}}{\sqrt{16}}=\dfrac{3|x-3|}{4}=\dfrac{3(x-3)}{4}
\\c)\sqrt{\dfrac{9+12a+4\color{red}{a}^2}{b^2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{(2a+3)^2}}{\sqrt{b^2}}=\dfrac{|2a+3|}{|b|}=\dfrac{2a+3}{-b}=-\dfrac{2a+3}{b}
\\d)(a-b).\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{(a-b)^2}}=(a-b).\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{(a-b)^2}}=\dfrac{(a-b)\sqrt{ab}}{|a-b|}=\dfrac{(a-b)\sqrt{ab}}{-(a-b)}=-\sqrt{ab}$