ta có: 23^5=43(mod 100)
<=>(23^5)^3=43^3(mod 100)
<=>23^15=07(mod 100)
<=>(23^15)^4=07^4(mod 100)
<=>23^60=01 (mod 100)
<=>(23^60)^30=01^30 (mod 100)
<=>23^1800=01 (mod 100)
<=>23^1800 . 23^10 . 23^15=01 . 23^10 . 23^15 (mod 100)
<=>23^2005=01 . 43^2 .07 (mod 100)
<=>23^2005=07 . 49 (mod 100)
<=>23^2005= 43 (mod 100)
vậy chữ số hàng chục là 4(dấu = là đồng dư)