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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. raised B. talked C. watched D. laughed
Question 2. A. women B. bench C. lend D. spend
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. memorable B. experience C. selfish D. confidence
Question 4. A. intelligent B. comfortable C. necessary D. secretary
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 5. A prism is used to refract light so as it spreads out in a continuous spectrum of colors.
A B C D
Question 6. There are more potatoes cultivated than any the other vegetable crop worldwide.
A B C D
Question 7. Not one in a hundred seeds develop into a healthy plant, even under laboratory conditions.
A B C D
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 8. She loves London, ____________ in the spring.
A. mostly B. especially C. most D. specially
Question 9. Make sure you end each sentence with a ____________
A. dot B. point C. comma D. full stop
Question 10. They travelled to the capital city of Scotland by the most ____________ route.
A. easy B. direct C. straight D. unique
Question 11. Hillary Clinton failed in the election just because he ____________ his opponent.
A. overestimated B. underestimated C. understated D. undercharged
Question 12. What a ____!
A. new small nice car B. nice small new car
C. new nice car, that is small D. car new nice and small
Question 13. His parents’ hostile attitude ___ him to leave home .
A. drove B. urged C. made D. suggested
Question 14. I recommend that the student ____ his composition as soon as possible.
A. finishes writing B. should finish the writing
C. finish writing D. finished writing
Question 15. Up ____, and the people cheered.
A. went the balloon B. does the balloon go
C. did the balloon go D. goes the balloon
Question 16. Do you need to give your speech another____________ or do you already know it by heart?
A. break-down B. check-up C. run-through D. mix-up
Question 17. It may be wonderful to own a big, old house, but think of the ___.
A. upkeep B. keep-up C. keep-on D. keep-out
Question 18. _____ begin their existence as ice crystals over most of the earth seems likely.
A. Raindrops B. If raindrops C. That raindrops D. What if raindrops
Question 19. Everyone in our family says best wishes to ____________ in the early morning of the first day of the New Year.
A. ourselves B. themselves C. one another D. the others
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 20. - Can I get you another drink?
à “___________”.
A. Forget it B. No, it isn’t
C. No, I’ll think it over D. Not just now
Question 21. à “___________”.
- Never mind!
A. Thank you for being honest to me
B. Would you mind going out for dinner next Saturday?
C. Congratulations! How wonderful!
D. Sorry for staining your carpet. Let me have it cleaned
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22. The impact of the tidal wave on the coastal people was terrible.
A. time B. cost C. effect D. use
Question 23. If you look at the watch, you can tell it is exotic.
A. sharp B. normal C. original D. unusual
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24. The government is not prepared to tolerate this situation any longer.
A. look down on B. put up with
C. take away from D. give on to
Question 25. I clearly remember talking to him in a chance meeting last summer.
A. unplanned B. deliberate C. accidental D. unintentional
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 26. He makes a better husband than father.
A. Fathers are usually good husbands.
B. He is more successful as a husband than as a father.
C. His father is better than her husband.
D. He tries to be a good husband and father.
Question27. “If I were you, I’d rather go by train than by bus.’’
A. She said that if she had been me, she would have gone by train than by bus.
B. She advised me to go by train rather than by bus.
C. She meant going by train was more interesting than going by bus.
D. Wherever she went, she always travelled by train.
Question 28. The more money Dane makes, the more his wife spends.
A. Dane spends more money than his wife.
B. Dane and his wife both make money.
C. Dane spends the money his wife makes.
D. Dane's wife keeps spending more money.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 29. He behaved in a very strange way. That surprised me a lot.
A. What almost surprised me was the strange way he behaved.
B. He behaved very strangely, which surprised me very much.
C. His behaviour was a very strange thing, that surprised me most.
D. I was almost not surprised by his strange behaviour.
Question 30. Smoking is an extremely harmful habit. You should give it up immediately.
A. When you give up smoking immediately, you will affect your health with this harmful habit.
B. Stop your smoking immediately so it will become one of your extremely harmful habits.
C. You should give up smoking immediately and you will fall into an extremely harmful habit.
D. As smoking is an extremely harmful habit, you should give it up immediately.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Everyone has got two personalities - the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you are (31) _____ because you can control yourself. But when you are asleep, your feeling position shows the real you. In a normal (32) _____, of course, people often change their positions. The important position is the one you go to sleep in.
If you go to sleep on your back, you are a very open person. You usually believe people and you accept new things or new ideas easily. You don’t like to make people sad, so you never express your (33) _____ feeling. You are quite shy.
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and you always easily become sad. You usually live for today not tomorrow. This means that you (34) _____having a good time.
If you sleep curled up, you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself. You are shy and don’t like meeting people. You (35) _____to be on your own. You are easily hurt.
[TBODY]
[/TBODY]Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicatethe correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 44.
The modem comic strip started out as ammunition in a newspaper was between giants of the American press in the late nineteenth century. The first full-color comic strip appeared in January 1894 in the New York World, owned by Joseph Pulitzer. The first regular weekly full-color comic supple-ment, similar to today's Sunday funnies, appeared two years later, in William Randolph Hearst's rival New York paper, the Morning Journal.
Both were immensely popular, and publishers realized that supple-menting the news with comic relief boosted the sale of papers. The Morning Journal started another feature in 1896, the "Yellow Kid," the first continuous comic character in the United States, whose creator, Richard Outcault, had been lured away from the World by the ambitious Hearst. The "Yellow Kid" was in many ways a pioneer. Its comic dialogue was the strictly urban farce that came to characterize later strips, and it introduced the speech balloon inside the strip, usually placed above the characters' heads.
The first strip to incorporate all the elements of later comics was Rudolph Dirks's "Katzenjammer Kids", based on Wilhelm Busch's Max and Moritz, a European satire of the nineteenth century. The "Kids" strip, first published in 1897, served as the prototype for future American strips. It contained not only speech balloons, but a continuous cast of characters, and was divided into small regular panels that did away with the larger panoramic scenes of the earliest comics.
Newspaper syndication played a major role in spreading the popularity of comic strips throughout the country. Though weekly colored comics came first, daily black-and-white strips were not far behind. They first appeared in the Chicago American in 1904. It was followed by many imitators, and by 1915 black-and-white comic strips had become a staple of daily newspaper; around the country.
Question 36. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. A comparison of two popular comic strips
B. The differences between early and modern comic strips
C. The effects of newspapers on comic strip stories
D. Features of early comic strips in the United States
Question 37. Why does the author mention Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst?
A. They established New York's first newspaper.
B. They published comic strips about the newspaper war.
C. Their comic strips are still published today.
D. They owned major competitive newspapers.
Question 38. The passage suggests that comic strips were popular for which of the following reasons?
a. They provided a break from serious news stories.
B. Readers enjoyed the unusual drawings.
C. Readers could identify with the characters.
D. They were about real-life situations.
Question 39. To say that Richard Outcault had been "lured away from the World” by Hearst (line 7) means which of the following?
A. Hearst convinced Outcault to leave the World.
B. Hearst fired Outcault from the World.
C. Hearst warned Outcault to leave the World.
D. Hearst wanted Outcault to work for the World.
Question 40. The word “it” in line 9 refers to .
A. The “Yellow Kid” B. dialogue C. farce D. balloon
Question 41. According to the passage, the “Yellow Kid” was the first comic strip to do all of the
following EXCEPT .
A. feature the same character in each episode B. include dialogue inside a balloon
C. appear in a Chicago newspaper D. characterize city life in a humorous way
Question 42. The word "incorporate" in line 11 is closest in meaning to .
A. affect B. create C. combine D. mention
Question 43. The word "prototype" in line 13 is closest in meaning to .
A. story B. humor C. drawing D. model
Question 44. In what order does the author discuss various comic strips in the passage?
A. In alphabetical order by title
B. In the order in which they were created
C. According to the newspaper in which they appeared
D. From most popular to least popular
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicatethe correct answer to each of the questions from 45 to 50.
The Atmosphere of Venus
Venus, also called the Morning Star and Evening Star, is the second-closest planet to the sun and the brightest object in the night sky. The planet orbits the sun every two hundred and twenty four Earth-days and is sometimes referred to as Earth’s sister planet because the two share both a similar size and bulk. What is not similar, however, is Venus’s atmosphere in comparison to Earth’s atmosphere.
The atmosphere on Venus is much heavier and has a higher density than that of Earth. Venus’s atmosphere also expands significantly higher than Earth’s atmosphere although a thick cloud cover makes the surface of Venus nearly impossible to see unless observed through radar mapping.
While the pressure and temperature of Venus’s upper atmosphere are comparable to those of Earth, the heat and pressure of the lower atmosphere are not unlike a furnace. Venus’s atmosphere is very thick due to a composition consisting mainly of carbon dioxide, and a small amount of nitrogen. If man could survive the extreme heat of Venus’s surface (400 degrees Celsius), then he would have to contend with a surface pressure that is more than 90 times that of Earth. Venus’s extremely high temperature is thanks to the greenhouse effect caused by such a large amount of carbon dioxide. The greenhouse effect is a process by which the sun’s infrared radiation is more readily absorbed by the atmosphere. Just like in a real greenhouse used to grow plants years round, the proliferation of carbon dioxide traps radiation and warms Venus’s atmosphere. Due to this phenomenon, Venus boasts a higher atmospheric temperature than Mercury, even though Venus is twice the distance from the sun.
However, scientists postulate that Venus’s atmosphere was not always so hot. Studies show that large bodies of water were once on Venus’s surface but that eventually evaporation of all the water caused the runaway greenhouse effect which regulates the planet today.Thus Venus has become a critical study for today’s scientists, as human being are only beginning to struggle with the early stages of the greenhouse effect. Our problems do not stem from evaporated water supplies but from a propagation of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases due to industrial and automobile emissions.
Another interesting characteristic to note regarding Venus’s atmosphere is that its daytime temperatures and nighttime temperatures are not that far removed from each other. This is due to the thermal inertia, the ability of a substance to store heat despite changing temperatures and the transfer of heat by Venus’s strong winds. Although winds on the surface of Venus move slowly in comparison with Earth’s winds, Venus’s air is so dense that a slow-moving there can move large obstructions and even skip stones along the planet’s surface.
In 1966, humankind made its first attempt at sending a recording instrument into Venus’s atmosphere. The Venera 3 probe did collide with Venus surface; however, the abrupt impact caused its communication system to fail, and it was unable to send and feedback. In 1967, Venera 4 successfully enter Venus’s atmosphere and was able to take many readings, one of which recorded that Venus’s atmosphere was between ninety and ninety-five percent carbon dioxide. Subsequent Venera probes were sent into Venus’s atmosphere, but most of them succumbed to the crushing air pressure.
Question 45. According to paragraph 1, Venus is named the Morning Star and Evening Star because
A. it is very bright
B. it is close to the sun
C. it can be seen from evening till morning
D. it is used to find the direction by sailors
Question 46. The word that in paragraph 2 refers to
A. size B. bulk C. atmosphere D. density
Question 47. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the bold sentence in paragraph 3? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Earth experiences greater surface pressure than Venus.
B. If a man could survive its surface pressure.
C. The surface pressure and heat of Venus are much greater than those on Earth.
D. Venus’s surface temperature and pressure make it uninhabitable by humans.
Question 48. According to paragraph 3, the greenhouse effect on Venus is owed to
A. the small amounts of nitrogen
B. the rapid increasing amounts of carbon dioxide
C. growing plants
D. the high atmospheric temperatures
Question 49. In paragraph 4, the author of the passage implies that Earth
A. might suffer the same greenhouse effect as Venus
B. once had an atmosphere similar to Venus’s
C. has bodies of water similar to those on Venus today
D. is experiencing a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions
Question 50. The word propagation in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. generation B. elimination C. evaporation D. desecration
Question 1. A. raised B. talked C. watched D. laughed
Question 2. A. women B. bench C. lend D. spend
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. memorable B. experience C. selfish D. confidence
Question 4. A. intelligent B. comfortable C. necessary D. secretary
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 5. A prism is used to refract light so as it spreads out in a continuous spectrum of colors.
A B C D
Question 6. There are more potatoes cultivated than any the other vegetable crop worldwide.
A B C D
Question 7. Not one in a hundred seeds develop into a healthy plant, even under laboratory conditions.
A B C D
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 8. She loves London, ____________ in the spring.
A. mostly B. especially C. most D. specially
Question 9. Make sure you end each sentence with a ____________
A. dot B. point C. comma D. full stop
Question 10. They travelled to the capital city of Scotland by the most ____________ route.
A. easy B. direct C. straight D. unique
Question 11. Hillary Clinton failed in the election just because he ____________ his opponent.
A. overestimated B. underestimated C. understated D. undercharged
Question 12. What a ____!
A. new small nice car B. nice small new car
C. new nice car, that is small D. car new nice and small
Question 13. His parents’ hostile attitude ___ him to leave home .
A. drove B. urged C. made D. suggested
Question 14. I recommend that the student ____ his composition as soon as possible.
A. finishes writing B. should finish the writing
C. finish writing D. finished writing
Question 15. Up ____, and the people cheered.
A. went the balloon B. does the balloon go
C. did the balloon go D. goes the balloon
Question 16. Do you need to give your speech another____________ or do you already know it by heart?
A. break-down B. check-up C. run-through D. mix-up
Question 17. It may be wonderful to own a big, old house, but think of the ___.
A. upkeep B. keep-up C. keep-on D. keep-out
Question 18. _____ begin their existence as ice crystals over most of the earth seems likely.
A. Raindrops B. If raindrops C. That raindrops D. What if raindrops
Question 19. Everyone in our family says best wishes to ____________ in the early morning of the first day of the New Year.
A. ourselves B. themselves C. one another D. the others
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 20. - Can I get you another drink?
à “___________”.
A. Forget it B. No, it isn’t
C. No, I’ll think it over D. Not just now
Question 21. à “___________”.
- Never mind!
A. Thank you for being honest to me
B. Would you mind going out for dinner next Saturday?
C. Congratulations! How wonderful!
D. Sorry for staining your carpet. Let me have it cleaned
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22. The impact of the tidal wave on the coastal people was terrible.
A. time B. cost C. effect D. use
Question 23. If you look at the watch, you can tell it is exotic.
A. sharp B. normal C. original D. unusual
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24. The government is not prepared to tolerate this situation any longer.
A. look down on B. put up with
C. take away from D. give on to
Question 25. I clearly remember talking to him in a chance meeting last summer.
A. unplanned B. deliberate C. accidental D. unintentional
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 26. He makes a better husband than father.
A. Fathers are usually good husbands.
B. He is more successful as a husband than as a father.
C. His father is better than her husband.
D. He tries to be a good husband and father.
Question27. “If I were you, I’d rather go by train than by bus.’’
A. She said that if she had been me, she would have gone by train than by bus.
B. She advised me to go by train rather than by bus.
C. She meant going by train was more interesting than going by bus.
D. Wherever she went, she always travelled by train.
Question 28. The more money Dane makes, the more his wife spends.
A. Dane spends more money than his wife.
B. Dane and his wife both make money.
C. Dane spends the money his wife makes.
D. Dane's wife keeps spending more money.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 29. He behaved in a very strange way. That surprised me a lot.
A. What almost surprised me was the strange way he behaved.
B. He behaved very strangely, which surprised me very much.
C. His behaviour was a very strange thing, that surprised me most.
D. I was almost not surprised by his strange behaviour.
Question 30. Smoking is an extremely harmful habit. You should give it up immediately.
A. When you give up smoking immediately, you will affect your health with this harmful habit.
B. Stop your smoking immediately so it will become one of your extremely harmful habits.
C. You should give up smoking immediately and you will fall into an extremely harmful habit.
D. As smoking is an extremely harmful habit, you should give it up immediately.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Everyone has got two personalities - the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you are (31) _____ because you can control yourself. But when you are asleep, your feeling position shows the real you. In a normal (32) _____, of course, people often change their positions. The important position is the one you go to sleep in.
If you go to sleep on your back, you are a very open person. You usually believe people and you accept new things or new ideas easily. You don’t like to make people sad, so you never express your (33) _____ feeling. You are quite shy.
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and you always easily become sad. You usually live for today not tomorrow. This means that you (34) _____having a good time.
If you sleep curled up, you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself. You are shy and don’t like meeting people. You (35) _____to be on your own. You are easily hurt.
| Question 31. | A. | awake | B. | active | C. | happy | D. | honest |
| Question 32. | A. | room | B. | bed | C. | night | D. | body |
| Question 33. | A. | real | B. | lonely | C. | cheerful | D. | gentle |
| Question 34. | A. | regret | B. | enjoy | C. | mind | D. | deny |
| Question 35. | A. | pretend | B. | oppose | C. | refuse | D. | prefer |
The modem comic strip started out as ammunition in a newspaper was between giants of the American press in the late nineteenth century. The first full-color comic strip appeared in January 1894 in the New York World, owned by Joseph Pulitzer. The first regular weekly full-color comic supple-ment, similar to today's Sunday funnies, appeared two years later, in William Randolph Hearst's rival New York paper, the Morning Journal.
Both were immensely popular, and publishers realized that supple-menting the news with comic relief boosted the sale of papers. The Morning Journal started another feature in 1896, the "Yellow Kid," the first continuous comic character in the United States, whose creator, Richard Outcault, had been lured away from the World by the ambitious Hearst. The "Yellow Kid" was in many ways a pioneer. Its comic dialogue was the strictly urban farce that came to characterize later strips, and it introduced the speech balloon inside the strip, usually placed above the characters' heads.
The first strip to incorporate all the elements of later comics was Rudolph Dirks's "Katzenjammer Kids", based on Wilhelm Busch's Max and Moritz, a European satire of the nineteenth century. The "Kids" strip, first published in 1897, served as the prototype for future American strips. It contained not only speech balloons, but a continuous cast of characters, and was divided into small regular panels that did away with the larger panoramic scenes of the earliest comics.
Newspaper syndication played a major role in spreading the popularity of comic strips throughout the country. Though weekly colored comics came first, daily black-and-white strips were not far behind. They first appeared in the Chicago American in 1904. It was followed by many imitators, and by 1915 black-and-white comic strips had become a staple of daily newspaper; around the country.
Question 36. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. A comparison of two popular comic strips
B. The differences between early and modern comic strips
C. The effects of newspapers on comic strip stories
D. Features of early comic strips in the United States
Question 37. Why does the author mention Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst?
A. They established New York's first newspaper.
B. They published comic strips about the newspaper war.
C. Their comic strips are still published today.
D. They owned major competitive newspapers.
Question 38. The passage suggests that comic strips were popular for which of the following reasons?
a. They provided a break from serious news stories.
B. Readers enjoyed the unusual drawings.
C. Readers could identify with the characters.
D. They were about real-life situations.
Question 39. To say that Richard Outcault had been "lured away from the World” by Hearst (line 7) means which of the following?
A. Hearst convinced Outcault to leave the World.
B. Hearst fired Outcault from the World.
C. Hearst warned Outcault to leave the World.
D. Hearst wanted Outcault to work for the World.
Question 40. The word “it” in line 9 refers to .
A. The “Yellow Kid” B. dialogue C. farce D. balloon
Question 41. According to the passage, the “Yellow Kid” was the first comic strip to do all of the
following EXCEPT .
A. feature the same character in each episode B. include dialogue inside a balloon
C. appear in a Chicago newspaper D. characterize city life in a humorous way
Question 42. The word "incorporate" in line 11 is closest in meaning to .
A. affect B. create C. combine D. mention
Question 43. The word "prototype" in line 13 is closest in meaning to .
A. story B. humor C. drawing D. model
Question 44. In what order does the author discuss various comic strips in the passage?
A. In alphabetical order by title
B. In the order in which they were created
C. According to the newspaper in which they appeared
D. From most popular to least popular
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicatethe correct answer to each of the questions from 45 to 50.
The Atmosphere of Venus
Venus, also called the Morning Star and Evening Star, is the second-closest planet to the sun and the brightest object in the night sky. The planet orbits the sun every two hundred and twenty four Earth-days and is sometimes referred to as Earth’s sister planet because the two share both a similar size and bulk. What is not similar, however, is Venus’s atmosphere in comparison to Earth’s atmosphere.
The atmosphere on Venus is much heavier and has a higher density than that of Earth. Venus’s atmosphere also expands significantly higher than Earth’s atmosphere although a thick cloud cover makes the surface of Venus nearly impossible to see unless observed through radar mapping.
While the pressure and temperature of Venus’s upper atmosphere are comparable to those of Earth, the heat and pressure of the lower atmosphere are not unlike a furnace. Venus’s atmosphere is very thick due to a composition consisting mainly of carbon dioxide, and a small amount of nitrogen. If man could survive the extreme heat of Venus’s surface (400 degrees Celsius), then he would have to contend with a surface pressure that is more than 90 times that of Earth. Venus’s extremely high temperature is thanks to the greenhouse effect caused by such a large amount of carbon dioxide. The greenhouse effect is a process by which the sun’s infrared radiation is more readily absorbed by the atmosphere. Just like in a real greenhouse used to grow plants years round, the proliferation of carbon dioxide traps radiation and warms Venus’s atmosphere. Due to this phenomenon, Venus boasts a higher atmospheric temperature than Mercury, even though Venus is twice the distance from the sun.
However, scientists postulate that Venus’s atmosphere was not always so hot. Studies show that large bodies of water were once on Venus’s surface but that eventually evaporation of all the water caused the runaway greenhouse effect which regulates the planet today.Thus Venus has become a critical study for today’s scientists, as human being are only beginning to struggle with the early stages of the greenhouse effect. Our problems do not stem from evaporated water supplies but from a propagation of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases due to industrial and automobile emissions.
Another interesting characteristic to note regarding Venus’s atmosphere is that its daytime temperatures and nighttime temperatures are not that far removed from each other. This is due to the thermal inertia, the ability of a substance to store heat despite changing temperatures and the transfer of heat by Venus’s strong winds. Although winds on the surface of Venus move slowly in comparison with Earth’s winds, Venus’s air is so dense that a slow-moving there can move large obstructions and even skip stones along the planet’s surface.
In 1966, humankind made its first attempt at sending a recording instrument into Venus’s atmosphere. The Venera 3 probe did collide with Venus surface; however, the abrupt impact caused its communication system to fail, and it was unable to send and feedback. In 1967, Venera 4 successfully enter Venus’s atmosphere and was able to take many readings, one of which recorded that Venus’s atmosphere was between ninety and ninety-five percent carbon dioxide. Subsequent Venera probes were sent into Venus’s atmosphere, but most of them succumbed to the crushing air pressure.
Question 45. According to paragraph 1, Venus is named the Morning Star and Evening Star because
A. it is very bright
B. it is close to the sun
C. it can be seen from evening till morning
D. it is used to find the direction by sailors
Question 46. The word that in paragraph 2 refers to
A. size B. bulk C. atmosphere D. density
Question 47. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the bold sentence in paragraph 3? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Earth experiences greater surface pressure than Venus.
B. If a man could survive its surface pressure.
C. The surface pressure and heat of Venus are much greater than those on Earth.
D. Venus’s surface temperature and pressure make it uninhabitable by humans.
Question 48. According to paragraph 3, the greenhouse effect on Venus is owed to
A. the small amounts of nitrogen
B. the rapid increasing amounts of carbon dioxide
C. growing plants
D. the high atmospheric temperatures
Question 49. In paragraph 4, the author of the passage implies that Earth
A. might suffer the same greenhouse effect as Venus
B. once had an atmosphere similar to Venus’s
C. has bodies of water similar to those on Venus today
D. is experiencing a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions
Question 50. The word propagation in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. generation B. elimination C. evaporation D. desecration
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