Câu bị động

[G-11F]

[TẶNG BẠN] TRỌN BỘ Bí kíp học tốt 08 môn
Chắc suất Đại học top - Giữ chỗ ngay!!

ĐĂNG BÀI NGAY để cùng trao đổi với các thành viên siêu nhiệt tình & dễ thương trên diễn đàn.

Ex l : Chuyển các câu sau thành câu bị động
1. The gardener has planted some trees.
2. Doctor Brown will give you some advice.
3. A famous designer will redecorate the hotel.
4. Someone has broken the crystal vase.
5. His parents have brought him up to bo polite.
6. Fleming discovered penicillin.
7. They will advertise the product on television.
8. Someone is remaking that film.
9. Picasso painted that picture.
10. Did the idea interest you?
11. You must leave the bathroom tidy.
12. You should water this plant daily.
13. Our neighbor ought to paint the garage.
14. I have to return these books to the library.
15. People know him well.
16. You must dry-clean this shirt.
17. Someone will pay you in ten days.
18. You can improve your health with more exercise.
19. People must obey the law.
20. The cleaner is going to clean the kitchen floor.
21. Someone is helping her with the housework.
22. A pickpocket robbed me.
23. People don't use this roard very often.
24. A dog is chasing the cild.
25. My friend sent me an invitation.
26. The farmer is building a new barn.
27. The secretary has given Mrs.Jones some letters.
28. We will grow a lot of trees in the parks.
29. Someone had broken our door down.
30. They chose him as the best actor of the year.
31. He gave me a present.
32. The waiter will bring us the bill.
33. The Queen presented him with a medal.
34. Her mother bought Mary some sweets.
35. Bob has sold Ted a second-hand car.
36. Larry is going to send a letter to Tom.
37. Someone has already paid the electrician for his work.
38. They taught him French and gave him a dictionary.
39. When we first met, they had already offered me a job at the bank.
40. A man requested the stranger to leave the meeting.
Ex ll : Sử dụng hình thức quá khứ của động từ
1. Yesterday, I (go) to the restaurant with a client.
2. We (drive) around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.
3. When we (arrive) at the restaurant, the place (be) full.
4. The waitress (ask) us if we (have) reservations.
5. I (say) , "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6. The waitress (tell) us to come back in two hours.
7. My client and I slowly (walk) back to the car.
8. Then we (see) a small grocery store.
9. We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) some sandwiches.
10. That (be) better than waiting for two hours.
11. I (not go) to school last Sunday.
12. She (get) married last year?
13. What you (do) last night? - I (do) my homework.
14. I (love) him but no more.
15. Yesterday, I (get) up at 6 and (have) breakfast at 6.30
Ex lll : Sử dụng đúng dạng của các động từ
Yesterday (be) Sunday, Nam (get) up at six. He (do) his morning exercises. He (take) a shower, (comb) hair, and than he (have) breakfast with his parents. Nam (eat) a bowl of noodles and (drink) a glass of milk for his breakfast. After breakfast, he (help) Mom clean the table. After that, he (brush) his teeth, (put) on clean clothes, and (go) to his grandparents' house. He (have) lunch with his grandparents. He (return) to his house at three o'clock. He (do) his homework. He (eat) dinner at 6.30. After dinner, his parents (take) him to the movie theater. It (be) a very interesting film. They (come) back home at 9.30. Nam (go) to bed at ten o'clock.
Question:
1. What day was yesterday?

2. What time did Nam get up?

3. What did he do after breakfast?

4. Who did he have lunch with?

5. What time did he have dinner?

6. What time did Nam go to bed?

 

[minhthu2k5]

Ex l : Chuyển các câu sau thành câu bị động
1. The gardener has planted some trees.
some trees have been planted by the gardener
2. Doctor Brown will give you some advice.
you will be given some advice by Doctor Brown
3. A famous designer will redecorate the hotel.
the hotel will be redecorated by A famous designer
4. Someone has broken the crystal vase.
the crystal vase has been broken
5. His parents have brought him up to be polite.
he has been brought up to be polite by his parents
Làm hộ bạn vài câu, bạn xem cách chuyển dưới đây rồi tự làm mấy câu tiếp theo nhá

Ex ll : Sử dụng hình thức quá khứ của động từ
1. Yesterday, I (go) went to the restaurant with a client.
2. We (drive)drove around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.
3. When we (arrive) arrived at the restaurant, the place (be)was full.
4. The waitress (ask)asked us if we (have)had reservations.
5. I (say)said , "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6. The waitress (tell) told us to come back in two hours.
7. My client and I slowly (walk) walked back to the car.
8. Then we (see)saw a small grocery store.
9. We (stop)stopped in the grocery store and (buy)bought some sandwiches.
10. That (be) was better than waiting for two hours.
11. I (not go)diđn't go to school last Sunday.
12. did She (get)get married last year?
13. What did you (do)do last night? - I (do)did my homework.
14. I (love)loved him but no more.
15. Yesterday, I (get)got up at 6 and (have) had breakfast at 6.30

Ex lll : Sử dụng đúng dạng của các động từ

Yesterday (be)was Sunday, Nam (get) got up at six. He (do)did his morning exercises. He (take)took a shower, (comb)combed hair, and than he (have)had breakfast with his parents. Nam (eat)ate a bowl of noodles and (drink) drank a glass of milk for his breakfast. After breakfast, he (help)helped Mom clean the table. After that, he (brush)brushed his teeth, (put) put on clean clothes, and (go)went to his grandparents' house. He (have)had lunch with his grandparents. He (return)returned to his house at three o'clock. He (do) did his homework. He (eat)ate dinner at 6.30. After dinner, his parents (take)took him to the movie theater. It (be)was a very interesting film. They (come)came back home at 9.30. Nam (go)went to bed at ten o'clock.
Question:
1. What day was yesterday? sunday

2. What time did Nam get up? at six

3. What did he do after breakfast? he helped Mom clean the table

4. Who did he have lunch with? with his grandparents

5. What time did he have dinner? at 6.30

6. What time did Nam go to bed? at ten o'clock​

 

[Puyen20]

Ex l : Chuyển các câu sau thành câu bị động
1. The gardener has planted some trees.
Some trees has been planted by the gardener.
2. Doctor Brown will give you some advice.
You will be given some advice by Doctor Brown.
3. A famous designer will redecorate the hotel.
The hotel will be redecorated by a famous designer.
4. Someone has broken the crystal vase.
The crystal vase has been broken.
5. His parents have brought him up to be polite.
He has been brought up to be polite by his parents
6. Fleming discovered penicillin.
Penicillin was discovered by fleming.
7. They will advertise the product on television.
The product will be advertised on television.
8. Someone is remaking that film.
That film is being remaked.
9. Picasso painted that picture.
That picture was painted by Picasso.
10. Did the idea interest you?
Were you interested by the idea ?
11. You must leave the bathroom tidy.
The bathroom tidy must be left.
12. You should water this plant daily.
This plant should be watered daily.
13. Our neighbor ought to paint the garage.
The garage ought to be painted by our neighbor.
14. I have to return these books to the library.
These books have to be returned to the library.
15. People know him well.
He is known well.
17. Someone will pay you in ten days.
You will be paid in ten days.
18. You can improve your health with more exercise.
Your health can be improved with more exercise.
19. People must obey the law.
The law must be obeyed.
20. The cleaner is going to clean the kitchen floor.
The kitchen floor is going to be cleaned by the cleaner.
21. Someone is helping her with the housework.
She is being helped with the housework.
22. A pickpocket robbed me.
I was robbed by a pickpocket.
23. People don't use this roard very often.
This road isn't used very often.
24. A dog is chasing the cild.
The cild is being chased by a dog.
25. My friend sent me an invitation.
I was sent an invitation by my friend.
26. The farmer is building a new barn.
A new barn is being built by the farmer.
27. The secretary has given Mrs.Jones some letters.
Mrs.Jones has been given some letters by the secretary.
28. We will grow a lot of trees in the parks.
A lot of trees will be grown in the parks.
29. Someone had broken our door down.
Our door had been broken down.
30. They chose him as the best actor of the year.
He was chosen as the best actor of the year.
31. He gave me a present.
I was given a present .
32. The waiter will bring us the bill.
We will be brought the bill by the waiter.
33. The Queen presented him with a medal.
He was presented with a medal by the Queen.
34. Her mother bought Mary some sweets.
Mary was brought some sweets by her mother.
35. Bob has sold Ted a second-hand car.
Ted has been sold a second-hand car by Bob.
36. Larry is going to send a letter to Tom.
A letter is going to be sent to Tom by Larry.
37. Someone has already paid the electrician for his work.
The electrician has already been paid for his work.
38. They taught him French and gave him a dictionary.
He was taught French and given a dictionary.
39. When we first met, they had already offered me a job at the bank.
When we first met, I had already been offered a job at the bank.
40. A man requested the stranger to leave the meeting.
The stranger was requested to leave the meeting by a man
Ex ll : Sử dụng hình thức quá khứ của động từ
1. Yesterday, I (go) went to the restaurant with a client.
2. We (drive) drove around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.
3. When we (arrive) arrived at the restaurant, the place (be) was full.
4. The waitress (ask) asked us if we (have) had reservations.
5. I (say) said , "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6. The waitress (tell) told us to come back in two hours.
7. My client and I slowly (walk) walked back to the car.
8. Then we (see) saw a small grocery store.
9. We (stop) stopped in the grocery store and (buy) bought some sandwiches.
10. That (be) was better than waiting for two hours.
11. I (not go) didn't go to school last Sunday.
12. Did She (get) get married last year?
13. What did you (do) do last night? - I (do) did my homework.
14. I (love) loved him but no more.
15. Yesterday, I (get) got up at 6 and (have) had breakfast at 6.30
Ex lll : Sử dụng đúng dạng của các động từ
Yesterday (be) was Sunday, Nam (get) got up at six. He (do) did his morning exercises. He (take) took a shower, (comb) combed hair, and than he (have) had breakfast with his parents. Nam (eat) ate a bowl of noodles and (drink) drunk a glass of milk for his breakfast. After breakfast, he (help) helped Mom clean the table. After that, he (brush) brushed his teeth, (put) put on clean clothes, and (go) went to his grandparents' house. He (have) had lunch with his grandparents. He (return) returned to his house at three o'clock. He (do) did his homework. He (eat) ate dinner at 6.30. After dinner, his parents (take) took him to the movie theater. It (be) was a very interesting film. They (come) came back home at 9.30. Nam (go) went to bed at ten o'clock.
Question:
1. What day was yesterday?
Yesterday was Sunday.
2. What time did Nam get up?
He got up at six
3. What did he do after breakfast?
After breakfast , he helped his Mom clean the table
4. Who did he have lunch with?
He had lunch with with his grandparents.
5. What time did he have dinner?
He had dinner at 6.30
6. What time did Nam go to bed?
He went to bed at ten o'clock.

 

[The key of love]

Hãy cùng Oxford tìm hiểu cấu trúc, cách sử dụng và cách chuyển từ câu chủ động qua câu bị động. Câu chủ động ở dạng thì nào, chúng ta chia động từ “to be” theo đúng dạng thì đó. Chúng ta vẫn đảm bảo nguyên tắc chủ ngữ số nhiều, động từ TO BE được chia ở dạng số nhiều...

Cấu trúc của câu bị động trong tiếng anh
1. Use of Passive: (Cách sử dụng của câu bị động):
Câu bị động được dùng khi ta muốn nhấn mạnh vào hành động trong câu, tác nhân gây ra hành động dù là ai hay vật gì cũng không quá quan trọng.

Ví dụ: My bike was stolen. (Xe đạp của tôi bị đánh cắp.)

Trong ví dụ trên, người nói muốn truyền đạt rằng chiếc xe đạp của anh ta bị đánh cắp. Ai gây ra hành động “đánh cắp” có thể chưa được biết đến. Câu bị động được dùng khi ta muốn tỏ ra lịch sự hơn trong một số tình huống. Ví dụ: A mistake was made. Câu này nhấn mạnh vào trạng thái rằng có 1 lỗi hoặc có sự nhầm lẫn ở đây, chứ không quan trọng là ai gây ra lỗi này.

2. Form of Passive Cấu trúc câu bị động:
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle

(Chủ ngữ + dạng của động từ “to be” + Động từ ở dạng phân từ 2) Example: A letter was written.

Khi chuyển câu từ dạng chủ động sang dạng câu bị động:
Tân ngữ của câu chủ động chuyển thành chủ ngữ của câu bị động. Ví dụ: Active: He punished his child. -> Passive: His child was punished. (Anh ta phạt cậu bé.) (Cậu bé bị phạt)

Câu chủ động ở dạng thì nào, chúng ta chia động từ “to be” theo đúng dạng thì đó. Chúng ta vẫn đảm bảo nguyên tắc chủ ngữ số nhiều, động từ “to be” được chia ở dạng số nhiều, chủ ngữ số ít thì động từ “to be” được chia ở dạng số ít.


Present simple (Hiện tại đơn) The car/cars is/are designed.
Present perfect (HT hoàn thành) The car/cars has been/have been designed.
Past simple (Quá khứ đơn) The car/cars was/were designed.
Past perfect (Qk hoàn thành) The car/cars had been/had been designed.
Future simple (Tương lai đơn) The car/cars will be/will be designed.
Future perfect (TL hoàn thành) The car/cars will have been designed
Present progressive (HT tiếp diễn) The car/cars is being/are being designed.
Past progressive (Qk tiếp diễn) The car/cars was being/were being designed.

Trong trường hợp câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ, thì chúng ta có thể viết thành 2 câu bị động.
Ví dụ:

Active Professor Villa gave Jorge an A. (Giáo sư Villa chấm cho Jorge một điểm A)
Passive An A was given to Jorge by Professor Villa. (Một điểm A được chấm cho Jorge bởi giáo sư Villa)
Passive Jorge was given an A. (Jorge được chấm một điểm A)
Trong khi học tiếng Anh, người ta rất hay dùng câu bị động. Khác với ở câu chủ động chủ ngữ thực hiện hành động, trong câu bị động chủ ngữ nhận tác động của hành động. Câu bị động được dùng khi muốn nhấn mạnh đến đối tượng chịu tác động của hành động hơn là bản thân hành động đó. Thời của động từ ở câu bị động phải tuân theo thời của động từ ở câu chủ động. Nếu là loại động từ có 2 tân ngữ, muốn nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ nào người ta đưa tân ngữ đó lên làm chủ ngữ nhưng thông thường chủ ngữ hợp lý của câu bị động là tân ngữ gián tiếp.

I gave him a book = I gave a book to him = He was given a book (by me).

Đặt by + tân ngữ mới đằng sau tất cả các tân ngữ khác. Nếu sau by là một đại từ vô nhân xưng mang nghĩa người ta: by people, by sb thì bỏ hẳn nó đi.

Hiện tại thường hoặc Quá khứ thường
am
is
are
was
were

+ [verb in past participle]

Example:
Active: Hurricanes destroy a great deal of property each year.
Passive: A great deal of property is destroyed by hurricanes each year.


Hiện tại tiếp diễn hoặc Quá khứ tiếp diễn
am
is
are + being + [verb in past participle]
was
were

Example:
Active: The committee is considering several new proposals.
Passive: Several new proposals are being considered by the committee.

Hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc Quá khứ hoàn thành
has
have + been + [verb in past participle]
had

Example:
Active: The company has ordered some new equipment.
Passive: Some new equipment has been ordered by the company.

Trợ động từ
modal + be + [verb in past participle]

Example:
Active: The manager should sign these contracts today.
Passive: These contracts should be signed by the manager today.

Các nội động từ (Động từ không yêu cầu 1 tân ngữ nào) không được dùng ở bị động. My leg hurts.
Đặc biệt khi chủ ngữ chịu trách nhiệm chính của hành động cũng không được chuyển thành câu bị động.

The US takes charge: Nước Mỹ nhận lãnh trách nhiệm. Nếu là người hoặc vật trực tiếp gây ra hành động thì dùng by nhưng nếu là vật gián tiếp gây ra hành động thì dùng with.


The bird was shot with the gun.
The bird was shot by the hunter.

Trong một số trường hợp to be/to get + P2 hoàn toàn không mang nghĩa bị động mà mang 2 nghĩa:

Chỉ trạng thái, tình huống mà chủ ngữ đang gặp phải.
Could you please check my mailbox while I am gone.
He got lost in the maze of the town yesterday.
Chỉ việc chủ ngữ tự làm lấy
The little boy gets dressed very quickly.

- Could I give you a hand with these tires.

- No thanks, I will be done when I finish tightening these bolts.

Mọi sự biến đổi về thời và thể đều nhằm vào động từ to be, còn phân từ 2 giữ nguyên.

to be made of: Được làm bằng (Đề cập đến chất liệu làm nên vật)
This table is made of wood
to be made from: Được làm ra từ (đề cập đến việc nguyên vật liệu bị biến đổi khỏi trạng thái ban đầu để làm nên vật)
Paper is made from wood
to be made out of: Được làm bằng (đề cập đến quá trình làm ra vật)
This cake was made out of flour, butter, sugar, eggs and milk.
to be made with: Được làm với (đề cập đến chỉ một trong số nhiều chất liệu làm nên vật)
This soup tastes good because it was made with a lot of spices.

Phân biệt thêm về cách dùng marry và divorce trong 2 thể: chủ động và bị động. Khi không có tân ngữ thì người Anh ưa dùng get maried và get divorced trong dạng informal English.

Lulu and Joe got married last week. (informal)
Lulu and Joe married last week. (formal)
After 3 very unhappy years they got divorced. (informal)
After 3 very unhappy years they divorced. (formal)

Sau marry và divorce là một tân ngữ trực tiếp thì không có giới từ: To mary / divorce smb


She married a builder.
Andrew is going to divorce Carola
To be/ get married/ to smb (giới từ “to” là bắt buộc)
She got married to her childhood sweet heart.
He has been married to Louisa for 16 years and he still doesn’t understand her.

Chúc các bạn học tốt!
THAM KHẢO LÝ THUYẾT VÀ TỰ LÀM BÀI SẼ GIÚP BẠN NHỚ LÂU HƠN !!!

 

[Phạm Dương]

Ex l : Chuyển các câu sau thành câu bị động
1. The gardener has planted some trees.
=> Some trees have been planted by the gardener.
2. Doctor Brown will give you some advice.
=> You will be given some advice by Doctor Brown.
3. A famous designer will redecorate the hotel.
=> The hotel will be redecorated by a famous designer.
4. Someone has broken the crystal vase.
=> The crystal vase has been broken.
5. His parents have brought him up to be polite.
=> He has been brought up to be polite by his parents
6. Fleming discovered penicillin.
=> Penicillin was discovered by fleming.
7. They will advertise the product on television.
=> The product will be advertised on television.
8. Someone is remaking that film.
=> That film is being remade.
9. Picasso painted that picture.
=> That picture was painted by Picasso.
10. Did the idea interest you?
=> Were you interested by the idea?
11. You must leave the bathroom tidy.
=> The bathroom tidy must be left.
12. You should water this plant daily.
=> This plant should be watered daily.
13. Our neighbor ought to paint the garage.
=> The garage ought to be painted by our neighbor.
14. I have to return these books to the library.
=> These books have to be returned to the library.
15. People know him well.
=> He is known well.
17. Someone will pay you in ten days.
=> You will be paid in ten days.
18. You can improve your health with more exercise.
=> Your health can be improved with more exercise.
19. People must obey the law.
=> The law must be obeyed.
20. The cleaner is going to clean the kitchen floor.
=> The kitchen floor is going to be cleaned by the cleaner.
21. Someone is helping her with the housework.
=> She is being helped with the housework.
22. A pickpocket robbed me.
=> I was robbed by a pickpocket.
23. People don't use this roard very often.
=> This road isn't used very often.
24. A dog is chasing the cild.
=> The cild is being chased by a dog.
25. My friend sent me an invitation.
=> I was sent an invitation by my friend.
26. The farmer is building a new barn.
=> A new barn is being built by the farmer.
27. The secretary has given Mrs.Jones some letters.
=> Mrs.Jones has been given some letters by the secretary.
28. We will grow a lot of trees in the parks.
=> A lot of trees will be grown in the parks.
29. Someone had broken our door down.
=> Our door had been broken down.
30. They chose him as the best actor of the year.
=> He was chosen as the best actor of the year.
31. He gave me a present.
=> I was given a present.
32. The waiter will bring us the bill.
=> We will be brought the bill by the waiter.
33. The Queen presented him with a medal.
=> He was presented with a medal by the Queen.
34. Her mother bought Mary some sweets.
=> Mary was brought some sweets by her mother.
35. Bob has sold Ted a second-hand car.
=> Ted has been sold a second-hand car by Bob.
36. Larry is going to send a letter to Tom.
=> A letter is going to be sent to Tom by Larry.
37. Someone has already paid the electrician for his work.
=> The electrician has already been paid for his work.
38. They taught him French and gave him a dictionary.
=> He was taught French and given a dictionary.
39. When we first met, they had already offered me a job at the bank.
=> When we first met, I had already been offered a job at the bank.
40. A man requested the stranger to leave the meeting.
=> The stranger was requested to leave the meeting by a man

Ex ll: Sử dụng hình thức quá khứ của động từ
1. Yesterday, I (go) went to the restaurant with a client.
2. We (drive) drove around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.
3. When we (arrive) arrived at the restaurant, the place (be) was full.
4. The waitress (ask) asked us if we (have) had reservations.
5. I (say) said, "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6. The waitress (tell) told us to come back in two hours.
7. My client and I slowly (walk) walked back to the car.
8. Then we (see) saw a small grocery store.
9. We (stop) stopped in the grocery store and (buy) bought some sandwiches.
10. That (be) was better than waiting for two hours.
11. I (not go) didn't go to school last Sunday.
12. Did she (get) get married last year?
13. What did you (do) do last night? - I (do) did my homework.
14. I (love) loved him but no more.
15. Yesterday, I (get) got up at 6 and (have) had breakfast at 6.30.

Ex lll: Sử dụng đúng dạng của các động từ
Yesterday (be) was Sunday, Nam (get) got up at six. He (do) did his morning exercises. He (take) took a shower, (comb) combed hair, and than he (have) had breakfast with his parents. Nam (eat) ate a bowl of noodles and (drink) drunk a glass of milk for his breakfast. After breakfast, he (help) helped Mom clean the table. After that, he (brush) brushed his teeth, (put) put on clean clothes, and (go) went to his grandparents' house. He (have) had lunch with his grandparents. He (return) returned to his house at three o'clock. He (do) did his homework. He (eat) ate dinner at 6.30. After dinner, his parents (take) took him to the movie theater. It (be) was a very interesting film. They (come) came back home at 9.30. Nam (go) went to bed at ten o'clock.
Question:
1. What day was yesterday?
=> Yesterday was Sunday.
2. What time did Nam get up?
=> He got up at six
3. What did he do after breakfast?
=> After breakfast, he helped his Mom clean the table
4. Who did he have lunch with?
=> He had lunch with his grandparents.
5. What time did he have dinner?
=> He had dinner at 6.30
6. What time did Nam go to bed?
=> He went to bed at ten o'clock.