a) ĐKXĐ: $a\geq 0;b\geq 0;a\neq b$
b) $A=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})-a}{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})}:\dfrac{a(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})-a\sqrt{a}}{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2}
\\=\dfrac{-\sqrt{ab}}{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})}.\dfrac{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2}{a\sqrt{b}}
\\=-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})}$
c) phải là $\dfrac{a}b=\dfrac14$ chứ nhỉ? ^^.
$\dfrac{a}b=\dfrac14\Rightarrow 4a=b\Rightarrow A=-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{4a}}{\sqrt{a}(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{4a})}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}}{a}=\dfrac3{\sqrt{a}}
\\A=1\Rightarrow \dfrac{3}{\sqrt{a}}=1\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{a}=3\Leftrightarrow a=9\Rightarrow b=36$